Planting grapevines can be achieved through various methods, ranging from fully mechanical planting machines to manual tools like shovels. No single method is inherently superior for vine health as long as a few fundamental principles are followed.
Planting Depth
One of the most frequently asked questions is about proper planting depth. It is crucial to create a hole or furrow deep enough for roots to point downward and not redirected upward. The hole or furrow should then be filled with loose soil to surround the roots.
When interplanting in existing vineyards where the soil has not been pretilled, the size of the planting hole is particularly important. The more loose soil around the roots, the easier it is for them to grow. For Planting with an auger, use a tool at least 8” in diameter and bore the hole deeper than necessary. This ensures roots can grow downward without resistance from compacted walls.
The final grade of the soil should be 2” below the graft union for grafted vines or below the trimmed shoot on own-rooted vines. This depth supports root growth, drought protection, and winter hardiness when hilling up to protect the vine. See the provided diagram for a visual representation of a bare rooted vine being planted.
Temperature Considerations
Avoid planting when temperatures approach 30ºC, as the wax protecting the vine bud can melt, causing damage to the vine. If vines are already planted and high temperatures are forecast, consider either:
- Open-Top Plant Protectors to shelter the vine from direct sunlight
- Light overhead irrigation to cool the vines through evaporation
- Covering vines with soil, ensuring they are uncovered before buds sprout to prevent sunburn
Vine Care During Planting
Protect the vines from wind and direct sunlight before planting. Keep them shaded, and if possible, transport vines to the field in their soaking bins to keep roots hydrated until planting. By adhering to these principles, vines are given the best chance for successful establishment and growth.
